How am I exposed to indoor mold?
Mold is found everywhere, indoors and outdoors. It is common to find mold spores
in the air of homes and growing on damp surfaces. Much of the mold found indoors
comes from outdoor sources. Therefore, everyone is exposed to some mold on a
daily basis without evident harm. Mold spores primarily cause health problems
when they enter the air and are inhaled in large number. People can also be
exposed to mold through skin contact and eating.
What is Black Mold?
Black mold has the potential to cause health problems. Black Mold
spores produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic reactions),
irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances (mycotoxins).
Inhaling or touching mold spores may cause allergic reactions in sensitive
individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type symptoms, such
as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis). Allergic
reactions to mildews are common. They can be immediate or delayed.
They can also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic.
In addition, black mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose,
throat, and lungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people.
How much mold can make me sick?
It depends. For some people, a relatively small number of mold spores
can cause health problems. For other people, it may take many more.
The basic rule is, if you can see or smell it, take steps to eliminate
the excess moisture, and to cleanup and remove the mold.
Who is at greater risk when exposed to mold?
Exposure to mold is not healthy for anyone inside buildings. It is
important to quickly identify and correct any moisture sources and
remediate the mold before health problems develop.
The following individuals appear to be at higher risk for adverse health effects
of molds:
- infants and children
- elderly
- anyone with reduced immune defense (people with HIV infection,
cancer chemotherapy, liver disease, etc.)
- pregnant women individuals with existing respiratory conditions,
such as allergies, multiple chemical sensitivity, and asthma.
People with these special concerns should consult a physician
if they are having health problems.
What symptoms are common?
Allergic reactions may be the most common health problem of mold exposure. Typical
symptoms reported (alone or in combination) include:
- respiratory problems, such as wheezing and difficulty in breathing
- nasal and sinus congestion
- eyes-burning, watery, reddened, blurry vision, light sensitivity
- dry, hacking cough sore throat nose and throat irritation shortness of breath
- skin irritation
- central nervous system problems (constant headaches, memory problems, and
mood changes)
- aches and pains possible fever
Are some molds more hazardous than others?
Reactions vary in a person's sensitivities to mold, both as to amount
and type needed to cause reactions. In addition, certain types of
mold can produce toxins, called mycotoxins, that the mold uses to
inhibit or prevent the growth of other organisms. Mycotoxins are
found in both living and dead mold spores. materials permeated with
mold need to be removed, even after they are disinfected with cleaning
solutions. Allergic and toxic effects can remain in dead spoors.
Exposure to mycotoxins may present a greater hazard than that of
allergenic or irritative molds. Mycotoxins have been found in homes,
agricultural settings, food and office buildings.
Of the thousands of organisms represented here as "molds", there are
a few that are known to have more serious effects on humans, and include: Cladosporium,
Penicillium, Stachybotrys, Aspergillus, and Fusarium.
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